For many resource-rich developing countries, mining contributes significant to GDP, jobcreation, and is a major source for government revenue. The mineral production in Cambodia to date by 2021 is 1,344kg of gold (for six months), 19,000 tons of coal, 10,5 million tons of limestone, and 8,8 million tons of cement. The total investment in mining in Cambodia is US$ 975.29 million in industrial mining; US$ 170 million in open-pit and quarry; and around US$ 107.16 million in mineral exploration, employing around 8,156 labors in which industrial mining employs 3,440 workers. In terms of revenue, Cambodia has managed to collect around
US$ 137.2 million since 2017 to the first semester of 2022 and for non-tax revenue, Cambodia collected around 80,832.86 million Cambodian Riels during the same time. By mid-2022, Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME) has licensed on small and medium industrial mining operations for two companies – Delcom and Xinshan, in Rovieng district, Preah Vihear province. The effects of extractive industry activities on public health and safety, such as mining and oil/gas drilling, have sparked increased concern and prompted critical investigations into the social and political dynamics, as well as the governance frameworks, that underpin these operations. Cambodia has mandated legal requirements on relevant ESG
for instance labor, health and safety, environmental protection, impact assessment, human rights, child rights, gender and private corporate governance.

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